A book of reflections on international The arrangements were similar to those for the Queen Mother in 2002 and for Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997, except with greater military honours as she had been a former head of government. [109] Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu lamented losing "a true friend of the Jewish people and Israel". [50], Scottish National Party leader and First Minister Alex Salmond acknowledged that "Margaret Thatcher was a truly formidable prime minister whose policies defined a political generation". Invitations were also sent to representatives of some 200 countries, and to all five living presidents of the United States[38] and four British prime ministers. Yet under party rules the margin was insufficient, and a second ballot was … Between 1945-90 every statement made by Margaret Thatcher is listed, as far as can be known. [16] She had previously vetoed a state funeral; reasons included cost, parliamentary deliberation,[17] and that it suggested similar stature to Winston Churchill (with which she disagreed). He expressed gratitude for all the messages of support and condolences from far and wide. The economy boomed in 1987-88, but also began to overheat. The Argentine Junta's invasion of the islands in April 1982 was met by Margaret Thatcher in the firmest way and with a sure touch. The miners' strike was one of the most violent and long lasting in British history. [15] Specifically, Thatcher had chosen the hymns and stipulated that the prime minister of the day would deliver a reading from the Bible. By successfully shifting British economic and foreign policy to the right, her governments helped to encourage wider international trends which broadened and deepened during the 1980s and 1990s, as the end of the Cold War, the spread of democracy, and the growth of free markets strengthened political and economic freedom in every continent. Margaret Thatcher played her part in the last phase of the Cold War, both in the strengthening of the Western alliance against the Soviets in the early 1980s and in the successful unwinding of the conflict later in the decade. The outcome was uncertain, but after many turns in the road, the union was defeated. Her legacy remains the core of modern British politics: the world economic crisis since 2008 has revived many of the arguments of the 1980s, keeping her name at the centre of political debate in Britain. [111][112], Polish foreign minister Radoslaw Sikorski said she was a "fearless champion of liberty". [108], New Zealand Prime Minister John Key praised Thatcher's determination and expressed his "[sadness] for her family and Great Britain". On 17 April, she was honoured with a ceremonial funeral.Due to polarised opinion about her achievements and legacy, reaction to her death was mixed throughout Britain and included contrasting praise, criticism, and … [43][44], On 10 April, two days following Thatcher's death, her son Mark spoke of his mother's death on the steps of her Chester Square home. Oborne contended that the Queen's attendance might be seen as "partisan", since she had not attended Labour prime minister Clement Attlee's funeral. her career in public speaking. of the British welfare state. Yet under party rules the margin was insufficient, and a second ballot was required. [52], Former Green Party leader Caroline Lucas voiced regret that, although Thatcher was the first female prime minister, "she did little for women either inside or outside the House of Commons". Margaret Roberts attended a local state school and from there won a place at Oxford, where she studied chemistry at Somerville College (1943-47). [100], Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper acknowledged Thatcher as having "define[d] the age in which she served [as well as] contemporary conservatism itself". No twentieth-century British Prime Minister ever came closer to assassination. [34] The funeral procession was as follows: The bidding (introductory words) was given by the Dean of St Paul's, David Ison. [92] However, Saracens and Exeter Chiefs held a minute's silence for her before their Premiership rugby union games. Interest rates had to be doubled during 1988. In the process, Margaret Thatcher became one of the founders, with Ronald Reagan, of a school of conservative conviction politics, which has had a powerful and enduring impact on politics in Britain and the United States and earned her a higher international profile than any British politician since Winston Churchill. The Thatcher family – Denis, Margaret and twins, Mark and Carol. [76][77] A larger demonstration with around 3,000 protesters took place at Trafalgar Square in London on 13 April. To general surprise (her own included), in February 1975 she defeated him on the first ballot and won the contest outright on the second, though challenged by half a dozen senior colleagues. [30]:10.43 am Muffled bells tolled at St Margaret's Church at Westminster Abbey,[30]:10.02 am and at St Paul's. [12], Planning for the funeral began in 2009. Behind this dispute there was profound disagreement within the government over policy towards the European Community itself. [110], Romanian President Traian Băsescu and the premier and foreign minister of Bulgaria, Marin Raykov, cited her influence on them, and sent their condolences. [7][8] She had been staying in a suite there since December 2012, after having difficulty using the stairs at her house in Chester Square. Her parents, Alfred and Beatrice Roberts, were Methodists. [96][97], Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, described Thatcher as "a great model as the first woman Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, who not only demonstrated her leadership but has given such great hope for many women for equality, gender equality in Parliament". Margaret Thatcher remains an intensely controversial figure in Britain. She lost both times, but cut the Labour majority sharply and hugely enjoyed the experience of campaigning. [101], French President François Hollande and German Chancellor Angela Merkel remarked that Thatcher left "a deep impression on her country's history". [105], Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy hailed her as a 20th century landmark and said it was a sad day for Europe. His statement praised her as "an unapologetic supporter of our transatlantic alliance, she knew that with strength and resolve we could win the Cold War and extend freedom's promise". [125], Coordinates: 51°29′15″N 0°09′30″W / 51.4874°N 0.1582°W / 51.4874; -0.1582, Ceremonial funeral of British Prime Minister, Secretary of State for Education and Science, sfn error: no target: CITEREFCampbell2003 (, David Cameron's Statement on Lady Thatcher, "Margaret Thatcher funeral: St Paul's service in full", Public Bodies (Admission to Meetings) Act, economic sanctions against apartheid South Africa, BBC to play 'four to five seconds' of Thatcher protest song, Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill, "Statement from the Office of the Rt Hon Baroness Thatcher LG OM FRS", "Frail and lonely, Thatcher's last days at The Ritz", "Margaret Thatcher dies of stroke aged 87", "Margaret Thatcher: final moments in hotel without her family by her bedside", "Flags fly at half-mast over London Palaces", "World pays tribute to Margaret Thatcher", "Margaret Thatcher's funeral: A True Blue occasion that has been four years in the making", "Margaret Thatcher: This is a state funeral, and that's a mistake", "Funeral will be a 'ceremonial' service in line with Baroness Thatcher's wishes", "Margaret Thatcher: I Vow to Thee, My Country", "Margaret Thatcher 'feared divisive debate in parliament' over state funeral", "Thatcher to be given ceremonial funeral with military honours", "Margaret Thatcher funeral: Military honours for the longest-serving prime minister of the 20th century", "Cost of Thatcher's funeral a 'mistake' says Grantham Bishop", "John Prescott hits out at cost to taxpayer of Margaret Thatcher's funeral", "Lady Thatcher's funeral wishes will save taxpayer £800,000", "No 10: Baroness Thatcher's funeral cost taxpayer £3.6m", "Hundreds of police on stand-by as anarchists threaten to hold mass", "Thatcher funeral protesters get police go-ahead to turn backs on coffin", "Margaret Thatcher funeral: more than 4,000 police to be deployed", "Margaret Thatcher funeral: as it happened", "Thatcher funeral: Granddaughter Amanda captivates mourners in St Paul's with moving speech", "Hundreds of protesters turn backs on Margaret Thatcher's coffin", "Big Ben to be silent for Baroness Thatcher's Funeral", "UK prepares for Margaret Thatcher's funeral", "Margaret Thatcher funeral set for next week", "Margaret Thatcher: the funeral Order of Service", "Bishop of London's address at Margaret Thatcher's funeral – full text", "Thatcher funeral: Invitations and guest list", "Margaret Thatcher: Queen leads mourners at funeral", "Queen made personal decision to attend Lady Thatcher's funeral", "Mourning sword in Thatcher ceremony was last used at Churchill's funeral", "Margaret Thatcher's ashes laid to rest at Royal Hospital Chelsea", "Margaret Thatcher death: Mark Thatcher pays tribute to his mother", "Carol Thatcher: 'My mother's place in history is assured, "Margaret Thatcher dies: Reaction in quotes", "Margaret Thatcher dead: 'Iron Lady' mourned but critics speak out", "Reaction to the death of Margaret Thatcher: as it happened", "Former Tory Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher dies after stroke", "For a future that is better than the past – Leanne Wood marks the death of Margaret Thatcher", "Why We Boycotted Margaret Thatcher Tribute in Parliament: Labour MPs", "Very sad to hear of the death of Margaret Thatcher, a great patriotic lady", "Margaret Thatcher: parliament recall sets John Bercow and No 10 at odds", "Jackson: Thatcher was 'a woman, but not on my terms, "Parliament Debates Thatcher Legacy, as Vitriol Flows Online and in Streets", "Up to 150 Labour MPs fail to attend Baroness Thatcher Commons debate", "Several MPs set to boycott Thatcher tributes", "Factbox: British reaction to the death of Margaret Thatcher", "North East reaction to death of Margaret Thatcher", "Little sympathy for Margaret Thatcher among former opponents", "Durham coalfield rejoices at Margaret Thatcher's death", "Margaret Thatcher's death greeted with little sympathy by Orgreave veterans", "As Thatcher Goes to Rest, Miners Feel No Less Bitter", "Margaret Thatcher and the pit strike in Yorkshire", "Goldthorpe hosts anti-Margaret Thatcher funeral", "Margaret Thatcher's death greeted with street parties in Brixton and Glasgow", "Leeds street party celebrates Thatcher death", "Video: Police move in as Brixton celebrates Thatcher's death", "No UK taboo: Unlike in America, some Britons happy to publicly celebrate former leader's death", "Scores gather in Glasgow for 'party' to mark Thatcher's death", "Glasgow City Council criticises George Square Thatcher 'party, "Thousands gather in Trafalgar Square to protest against Thatcher's legacy", "Anti Margaret Thatcher party in Trafalgar square – video", "Hundreds join anti-Thatcher 'party' in London", "Margaret Thatcher's detractors throw party planned decades ago", "How people rejoice in the death of Margaret Thatcher", "Margaret Thatcher funeral: Three men arrested on suspicion of anti-Thatcher graffiti", "Ken Loach Slams Margaret Thatcher, Says Funeral Should Be 'Privatized, "Wakefield Council will not fly flag at half mast to mark Baroness Thatcher's funeral", "Margaret Thatcher funeral: Most councils in Scotland refuse to lower flags in memory of former PM", "Thatcher's critics take to the streets as Labour councils refuse to lower flags", "Coventry City Council decides not to fly flag at half mast for Margaret Thatcher funeral", "Lord Sugar and business elite pay tribute to Thatcher", "Margaret Thatcher 'changed the economy of the world, "Hillsborough: Thatcher told 'drunk fans' caused disaster", "Minute's silence for Margaret Thatcher: Hillsborough group says tribute would be 'insult to fans'; former sports minister warns silence would backfire; Saracens and Exeter to mark death of former Prime Minister", "Argentina recalls Thatcher's Falklands legacy", "For Margaret Thatcher, few tears shed in South Africa", "Margaret Thatcher: no fond farewells from Africa", "Praising 'Iron Lady,' Ban says 'We will owe a great deal to her leadership, "Telegram on Death of Baroness Margaret Thatcher", "Statement from the President on the Passing of Baroness Margaret Thatcher", "Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada on the death of former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher", "President Higgins: Thatcher's legacy will be debated for many years", "Margaret Thatcher's death: reaction from around the world", "Julia Gillard leads Australian tributes to Margaret Thatcher", "John Key Pays Tribute To Margaret Thatcher", "Netanyahu: Thatcher a true friend of Jewish People", "Traian Băsescu: "Margaret Thatcher a fost un model pentru mine, "Margaret Thatcher will remain forever in history as an inspirational leader of the Free World", "Argentina responds with a shrug to Thatcher funeral snub", "Argentine ambassador snubs Lady Thatcher's funeral", "Zuma and ANC tactful about Thatcher legacy", "A fitting reaction or a faux pas? [116][117] as did Russian President Vladimir Putin, who said that Thatcher was "a pragmatic, tough and consistent person". She was elected to Parliament in 1959 as Member of Parliament (MP) for Finchley, a north London constituency, which she continued to represent until she was made a member of the House of Lords (as Baroness Thatcher) in 1992. [54], The House of Commons held a special session discussing Thatcher's legacy. [114] The Argentine ambassador Alicia Castro was invited in line with diplomatic protocol,[38] but declined the invitation. [12], Social media played a significant role in the aftermath of her death, with celebrities channelling polarised views about Thatcher on Twitter,[119] and endorsing campaigns and demonstrations. possible when she became Prime Minister in 1979. Her body was subsequently cremated at Mortlake Crematorium. [85], The issue of whether to fly the flag at half-mast for her funeral caused controversy for some councils where local feelings remained hostile. Argentine foreign minister Héctor Timerman said that any invitation would have been "just another provocation".

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